1. First Great Awakening
The First Great
Awakening began in the 1730s and lasted to about 1743,
though pockets of revivalism had occurred in years prior, especially amongst the
ministry of Solomon Stoddard, Jonathan
Edwards's
grandfather
2.
Second Great Awakening
The
Second Great Awakening was a religious revival that occurred in the United
States beginning in the late eighteenth century and lasting until the middle of
the nineteenth century. While it occurred in all parts of the United States, it
was especially strong in the Northeast and the Midwest. This awakening was
unique in that it moved beyond the educated elite of New England to those who
were less wealthy and less educated. The center of revivalism was the
so-called Burned-over
district in western New York. Named for its
overabundance of hellfire-and-damnation preaching, the region produced dozens of
new denominations, communal societies, and reform.
3.
Third Great Awakening
The Third Great
Awakening in the 1850s–1900s was characterized by new
denominations, active missionary work, Chautauquas,
and the Social Gospel approach to social issues.[7] The Y.M.C.A. (founded in 1844) played a major role in
fostering revivals in the cities in the 1858 Awakening and after. The revival of
1858 produced the leadership, such as that of Dwight L. Moody,
out of which came religious work carried on in the armies during the civil war.
The Christian and Sanitary Commissions and numerous Freedmen's
Societies were also formed in the midst of the
War.
4.
Fourth Great Awakening
The
Fourth Great Awakening has not received the acceptance
of the first three. Advocates such as economist Robert Fogel say it happened in the late 1960s and early1970s. Others call this the Charismatic
Movement.
Some of the ministers of the Charismatic Movement were Kenneth Hagin, Chuck
Smith,John Wimber, and Kathryn Kuhlman. The Vineyard
Movement and Calvary Chapel emerged during this movement. Both these
movements still exist. Expository
teaching along
with the Signs and
Wonders movement emerged in the 1970s and
1980s. Mainline Protestant denominations weakened
sharply in both membership and influence while the most conservative religious
denominations (such as the Southern
Baptists and Missouri
Synod Lutherans)
grew rapidly in numbers, spread across the United States, had grave internal
theological battles and schisms, and became politically powerful. Most of these
organizations still stand today.
5.
Fifth Great Awakening
This
Awakening Consisted of Two Major Revivals: The Toronto Blessing and The
Brownsville Revival.
The
Toronto Blessing describes the revival and
resulting phenomena that began in January 1994 at the Toronto Airport Vineyard
church, now the Toronto Airport Christian Fellowship (TACF), a neo-charismatic
evangelical Christian church located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Participants in the conferences and meetings sponsored by TACF have reported
healings, incidents of personal transformation and a greater awareness of God's
love. It has also been referred to as the Father's blessing, the Anointing, the
Awakening, the Renewal, the River and the Fire. The blessing has become known
for ecstatic worship, including what is known as falling or resting in the
Spirit, laughter, shaking, and crying. "Holy laughter" was a hallmark
manifestation, and there were also instances of participants roaring like
lions. Another "manifestation of the spirit" encountered at these meetings
was a gesture commonly called "crunching" consisting of a vomit-like heaving as
a reaction to inviting God to "cleanse" one's emotions or releasing forgiveness
to those involved in past negative experiences. Leaders and participants claim
that these are physical manifestations of the Holy Spirit's presence and power.
One TACF teaching, the Golden Sword prophecy, has been spreading among
charismatic churches.
The
Brownsville Revival (also known as the Pensacola Outpouring) was a widely
reported Christian revival within the Pentecostal Movement that began on
Father's Day June 18, 1995, at Brownsville Assembly of God (a church in the
Assemblies of God) in Pensacola, Florida. Characteristics of the Brownsville
Revival movement, as with other Christian religious revivals, included acts of
repentance by parishioners and a call to holiness, said to be inspired by the
manifestation of the Holy Spirit. Some of the occurrences in this
revival fit the description of moments of religious ecstasy. More than
four million people are reported to have attended the revival meetings from its
beginnings in 1995 to around 2000.
I have borrowed heavily from the Wikipedia entry on Great Awakenings
